For decades, scientists have been trying to solve the mystery of what makes quantum computers more powerful than classical computers. The origins of this quest can be traced all the way to Albert Einstein who famously called quantum mechanical entanglement “spooky action at a distance”. Now in a groundbreaking paper published in the Physical Review Letters, a team of scientists led by Assistant Professor William Fefferman from the University of Chicago’s Department of Computer Science have found a computational problem in which entanglement is directly responsible for a dramatic quantum computational speedup over any efficient classical algorithm.
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